China's merchandise trade surplus in US dollar terms was $114.77 billion in June, widening from $103.22 billion in May and well above the level of $99.05 billion recorded in June 2024. Exports rose 5.8 percent on the year in June after increasing 4.8 percent previously, while imports rose 1.1 percent, rebounding from a previous decline of 3.4 percent.

Today's data show that trade flows between China and the United States were again weak in June but to a lesser extent than in May, perhaps reflecting an easing in trade tensions after the initial escalation in April. China reported that its exports to the United States fell 16.1 percent on the year in June after a decline of 34.0 percent in May, while imports from the United States fell 15.5 percent after a previous decline of 18.0 percent.

The China RPI and the RPI-P fell from zero to minus 7 and minus 10 respectively, indicating that recent Chinese data in sum are coming in just below consensus forecasts.

The surplus is expected to widen to $112.6 billion in June from $103.2 billion in May.

The Merchandise Trade Balance is the difference in value between imported and exported goods. Data are denominated both in U.S. dollars and renminbi. A positive number indicates a surplus meaning that more goods were exported than imported.

Changes in the level of imports and exports, along with the difference between the two (the trade balance) are a valuable gauge of economic trends here and abroad. While these trade figures can directly impact all financial markets, they also affect currency values in foreign exchange markets. However, the foreign exchange impact is muted here given that the currency is pegged to a basket of currencies and its value is determined daily by the government.

China's growth stems from its exports to the industrialized world. And in turn, global growth is dependent upon Chinese growth, especially since the financial woes of 2008.

Merchandise trade statistics are compiled and published by Customs General Administration (CGA) on a monthly basis. Preliminary estimates are available about 13 days after the reference month with details available within 25 days. Since 1980, the compilation of Customs statistics follows the concepts and definitions of the International Merchandise Trade Statistics: Concepts and Definitions. Data are released for total imports and exports in the Chinese currency and the U.S. dollar. There are five main categories each for primary and manufactured goods. Detailed information is available by category, destination country, foreign enterprises and domestic region to name a few. Geographically, the data covers the customs territory of the mainland China and excludes Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.