South Korea's retail sales index rose 0.8 percent on the month in January after increasing 0.6 percent in December. On the year, the index fell 3.4 percent, weakening further from a decline of 0.6 percent previously. Yet sales of consumer durables rose 7.1 percent on the year after advancing 0.1 percent previously.

Officials also published a separate report on sales for 25 large retailers. This showed an increase in year-over-year growth from 6.3 percent in December to 8.2 percent in January, with another month of strong sales growth for online retailers and electronics retailers offsetting modest growth in department store sales and a decline in sales for supermarkets.

Retail Sales measure the total receipts at stores that sell durable and nondurable goods. The data are part of the Monthly Industrial Statistics report.

With consumer spending a large part of the economy, market players continually monitor spending patterns. The pattern in consumer spending is often the foremost influence on stock and bond markets. For stocks, strong economic growth translates to healthy corporate profits and higher stock prices. For bonds, the focus is whether economic growth goes overboard and leads to inflation. Ideally, the economy walks that fine line between strong growth and excessive (inflationary) growth.

Retail sales not only give you a sense of the overall picture, but also the trends among different types of retailers. Especially strong apparel or electronics sales can indicate strength in those industries, for example. These trends from the retail sales data can help you spot specific investment opportunities, without having to wait for a company's quarterly or annual report.