Taiwan's trade surplus widened from $9.80 billion in November to a record high of $11.10 billion in December. Exports strengthened with an increase of 11.8 percent on the year after advancing 3.8 percent previously, while imports fell at a less pronounced rate, down 6.5 percent after a previous decline of 14.8 percent.

Exports of information, communication and audio-video products recorded another month of very strong growth, up 94.7 percent on the year in December after previously increasing 74.0 percent. Exports of electronic components fell 1.2 percent on the year in December, an improvement from November's 3.6 percent decline.

Exports to mainland China and Hong Kong fell 6.4 percent on the year after a previous fall of 6.3 percent, while year-over-year growth in exports to the United States accelerated from 33.1 percent to 49.7 percent. Petroleum imports fell on the year for the second consecutive month while imports from mainland China and Hong Kong recorded modest growth.

The international trade balance measures the difference between imports and exports of both tangible goods and services. Imports may act as a drag on domestic growth and they may also increase competitive pressures on domestic producers. Exports boost domestic production. Trade balance values are calculated by deducting imports (cif) from exports (fob). The level of the international trade balance, as well as changes in exports and imports, indicate trends in foreign trade and can offer a guide to an economy's competitiveness.

Changes in the level of imports and exports, along with the difference between the two (the trade balance) are a valuable gauge of economic trends here and abroad. While these trade figures can directly impact all financial markets, they primarily affect currency values in foreign exchange markets.

Imports indicate demand for foreign goods and services in the local economy. Exports show the demand for local goods in countries overseas. Movements in the trade balance directly affect GDP growth because of Taiwan’s high reliance on trade. Stronger exports are bullish for corporate earnings and the stock market. The bond market is also sensitive to the risk of importing inflation.

This report also gives a breakdown of trade with major countries as well, so it can be instructive for investors who are interested in diversifying globally. For example, a trend of accelerating exports to a particular country might signal economic strength and investment opportunities in that country.