Taiwan's trade surplus widened from $8.59 billion in August to $10.32 billion in September. Exports rebounded with an increase of 3.4 percent on the year after falling 7.3 percent previously, while imports fell 12.2 after a previous decline of 22.9 percent. In contrast to this improvement in export growth, PMI survey data published last week showed Taiwan's manufacturing sector again contracted sharply in September, as it has for more than a year.

Exports of electronic components fell 4.3 percent on the year in September after dropping 11.2 percent in August, while exports of information, communication and audio-video products recorded another month of very strong growth, up 59.1 percent after previously increasing 43.1 percent. Exports to mainland China and Hong Kong fell 8.8 percent on the year after a previous fall of 14.1 percent, while year-over-year growth in exports to the United States accelerated from 8.8 percent to 17.7 percent. Petroleum imports again fell sharply on the year, while imports from mainland China and Hong Kong remained weak.

The international trade balance measures the difference between imports and exports of both tangible goods and services. Imports may act as a drag on domestic growth and they may also increase competitive pressures on domestic producers. Exports boost domestic production. Trade balance values are calculated by deducting imports (cif) from exports (fob). The level of the international trade balance, as well as changes in exports and imports, indicate trends in foreign trade and can offer a guide to an economy's competitiveness.

Changes in the level of imports and exports, along with the difference between the two (the trade balance) are a valuable gauge of economic trends here and abroad. While these trade figures can directly impact all financial markets, they primarily affect currency values in foreign exchange markets.

Imports indicate demand for foreign goods and services in the local economy. Exports show the demand for local goods in countries overseas. Movements in the trade balance directly affect GDP growth because of Taiwan’s high reliance on trade. Stronger exports are bullish for corporate earnings and the stock market. The bond market is also sensitive to the risk of importing inflation.

This report also gives a breakdown of trade with major countries as well, so it can be instructive for investors who are interested in diversifying globally. For example, a trend of accelerating exports to a particular country might signal economic strength and investment opportunities in that country.