The advance report on the international trade balance for goods showed the deficit narrowed more than expected in June to $87.8 billion from $91.9 billion in May, as export recovered while imports continued to decline.

Exports increased 0.2 percent, partly recovering May's 0.9 percent contraction, as a result of diverging movements."Other goods" led the monthly gains with a 9.5 percent advance after rising 3.9 percent in May. Capital goods rebounded 1.6 percent, and foods, feeds and beverages edged up 0.1 percent. These advances offset declines of 1.2 percent for both consumer goods and industrial supplies, and a 0.4 percent decrease for auto exports.

By contrast, imports fell a further 1.4 percent in June after decreasing 2.7 percent in May, also reflecting a mixed picture: imports of industrial supplies dropped 4.4 percent,"other goods" were down 4.2 percent, and capital goods declined 3.3 percent. Auto imports were up a further 3.7 percent on the month, and foods, feeds and beverages increased 1.8 percent. Meanwhile, imports of consumer goods were flat after contracting 7.2 percent in May, pointing to a lackluster demand from households.

Econoday's Consensus Divergence Index, at plus 46, is consistent with an economy that is appreciably stronger than expected.

The US goods deficit (Census basis) is expected to hold steady at $91.8 billion in June after narrowing by $5.6 billion in May to $91.9 billion.

This monthly report offers advance import and export data on the goods components of the monthly trade report. Goods make up roughly two-thirds of the nation's exports and roughly three-quarters of imports.

Note that data in the advance goods report are accounted for on a census basis and can differ slightly from subsequent data in the international trade report where goods data are accounted for on a balance of payment basis to adjust for changes in cross-border ownership.

Changes in the levels of imports and exports, along with the difference between the two (the trade balance), are valuable gauges of economic trends here and abroad. While these trade figures can directly impact all financial markets, they primarily affect the value of the dollar in the foreign exchange market.

Imports indicate demand for foreign goods here in the United States. Exports show foreign demand for U.S. goods. The dollar can be particularly sensitive to changes in the chronic trade deficit run by the United States, since this trade imbalance creates greater demand for foreign currencies.

Market reaction to this report is complex. Typically, the smaller the trade deficit, the more bullish it is for the dollar. Also, stronger exports are bullish for corporate earnings and the stock market. Like most economic indicators, the trade balance is subject to substantial monthly variability, especially when oil prices change.

It is also useful to examine the trend growth rates for exports and imports separately because they can deviate significantly. Trends in export activity reflect both the competitive position of American industry and the strength of domestic and foreign economic activity. U.S. exports will grow when: 1) U.S. product prices are lower than foreign product prices; 2) the value of the dollar is relatively weaker than that of foreign currencies; 3) foreign economies are growing rapidly.

Imports will increase when: 1) foreign product prices are lower than prices of domestically-produced goods; 2) the value of the dollar is stronger than that of other currencies; 3) domestic demand for goods and services is robust.